Research Papers by J.P. van der Hoek

To control NOM fouling, either NOM or hardness ions can be (partly) removed before membrane filtration. In this work, anion Fluidized Ion Exchange (FIX) is used to remove NOM from untreated surface water and cation FIX is used to remove calcium and magnesium ions from untreated surface water. The ef

i ssues 2 and 3. F rom 1993 until 1997 the optimization of the a ntiscalant and acid dose to avoid scaling was i nvestigated. As shown in Fig. 3, the water q uality is such that scaling may affect the o peration of the RO units. From the beginning it w as evident that the feed water was already s up