Research Papers by Sangyoup Lee

• Chemical heterogeneity of RO membranes was first investigated using AFM. • AFM probes were designed by employing negative CML and positive AAL colloids. • Chemical heterogeneity was more pronounced with AAL probe than CML probe. • RO membranes showed different charge distribution despite similar ze

Biofouling potential on NF membranes was investigated in terms of bacterial by-products (BBP) characterizations (e.g., effective diffusivity, zeta potential, and toxicity) and their transport phenomenon. Here, BBP were defined as organic matters derived from microorganisms, such as cell debris, solu

Perchlorate and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), which have been widely detected micropollutants in rivers and wastewater effluents, were investigated in terms of removals by nanofiltration (NF) membranes under different membrane feed water conditions. For this study, NF membranes with differen