Research Papers by Seungkwan Hong

• Chemical heterogeneity of RO membranes was first investigated using AFM. • AFM probes were designed by employing negative CML and positive AAL colloids. • Chemical heterogeneity was more pronounced with AAL probe than CML probe. • RO membranes showed different charge distribution despite similar ze

A membrane fouling index such as the silt density index (SDI) and modified fouling index (MFI) is an important parameter in design and operation of reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membrane processes for desalination. Nevertheless, SDI and MFI often fail to predict actual membrane foulin

This paper describes the characterization and evaluation of various RO/NF membranes for the treatment of seasonally brackish surface water with high organic contents (TOC ≈ mg/L). Twenty commercially available 21 RO and NF membranes were initially evaluated by performing controlled bench-scale flat-