Cogeneration

A thermoeconomic analysis of a cogenerative system with steam bleedings produced starting from the thermal energy recovered in a municipal solid waste thermovalorization plant is presented. The authors assume that the bled steam is used to feed a seawater multi-stage flash (MSF) desalination plant.

A thermoeconomic analysis of a cogenerative system with steam bleedings produced starting from the thermal energy recovered in a municipal solid waste thermovalorization plant is presented. The authors assume that the bled steam is used to feed a seawater multi-stage flash (MSF) desalination plant.

All of the Saudi large MSF plants operate within the context of dual-purpose facilities for the simultaneous production of power and water. Such co-generation arrangement uses either backpressure or extraction condensing turbine. Co-generation cycles which were used till 1982 were employing extracti

A patented cycle for water desalination and power generation was evaluated with regard to thermal efficiency and water production. The inventor of the patent claimed that the patented cycle provides a thermal efficiency of 41%, which is higher than current combined water and power generation steam p

Multi-stage flash (MSF) and reverse osmosis (RO) are the most common techniques for seawater desalination. A significant difference between these methodologies consists of their different energy requirements, i.e., thermal energy for MSF and mechanical energy for RO plants. The presence of both desa

Middle East and North African countries suffer from a large shortage of fresh water. Statistical analysis showed that the fresh water per capita in these countries is less than 13% of the average world per capita. In Libya, the available annual average fresh water is less than 150 l/d/capita, which

Two major techniques are commercially used in different parts of the world: distillation and membrane processes. The dominant distillation process is multi-stage flash (MSF), and the main membrane process is reverse osmosis (RO). Although cost factors vary by site, the total cost of producing potabl

Fresh water sources in Egypt are less than 13% of the world average per capita. To meet growing water and electricity demands, projections were made up to the year 2025 considering population growth, rise in standard of living, and development plans. A medium-sized nuclear desalination reactor was f

During the last decade, intensive research and development have been invested to improve further the advantages of the low-temperature process by increasing the unit’s capacities and decreasing the energy consumption. This paper presents the advantages of the low-temperature distillation process, de

This paper reviews the state of the art of cogeneration for power and distillation. The performance of several cogeneration options are considered in association with the MSF process for seawater desalination. Both full load and part load characteristics of each major commercial cogeneration process