Electrodialysis

Exergetic analysis of a 2250 gpm brackish water desalination plant in California was performed using its operational data. The plant contains nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and electrodialysis reversal units subject to the same source water. The correct definition of exergetic efficiency for such syst

In this work, novel monovalent selective cation exchange membranes (CEMs) with different mixtures of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and sulfonated PVDF (S-PVDF) were synthesized. The selected composite membranes were modified by surface polymerization of polyaniline (PANi) to improve their monovalent

− Electrodialysis has an advantage in concentrate treatment because the waste concentration factor increases linearly with removal ratio, Sodium concentration (mg/L) Calcium concentration (mg/L) Chloride concentration (mg/L) resistance of 2 Ω·cm2, the resistance from two membranes would represent 14

The fouling, in particular the organic fouling of anion exchange membranes (AEMs), is a serious problem in electrodialysis (ED). In this paper, we attempted to improve the antifouling potential of AEM by surface modification with polydopamine (PDA). The antifouling potential was evaluated by the tran

• A simple model describing countercurrent single-pass electrodialysis is established. • Concentration distribution along the membrane is calculated. • Influence of concentration distribution on scaling risk is discussed. A simple model based on division of electrodialyzer into the elementary units a

Water provision for developing countries is a critical issue as a large number of lives are lost annually due to lack of access to safe drinking water. The presence and fate of inorganic trace contaminants is of particular concern. Trace inorganic contaminants have been found in elevated concentrati

Electrical conductivity of flexible strongly acidic resin loaded with Cr (III) was investigated with an impedance spectroscopy method. The purpose of the work was to estimate the influence of hydrostatic pressure drop on the conductivity of the ion-exchanger bed, which had been compacted previously.

Electrodialysis (ED) is one of a number of attractive options in the desalination of secondary effluent, but membrane fouling is still an issue that needs to be resolved. This study investigated potential foulants and the fouling control of ED during desalination. Cation and anion exchange membranes

Salinity gradient power (SGP) is based on the chemical potential difference between concentrated and dilute salt solutions. Reverse electrodialysis (RED) can thus be used to produce electricity by a SGP–RED unit. In principle, a highly concentrated solution can be recovered from a seawater desalinat

Electrodialysis (ED) was used to purify ionic liquids systems. It was expected that impurity ions could be separated from the ionic liquid system. Competitive transport behavior was extensively investigated between ionic liquids and impurity ions. [BMIM][CH3COO] and NaCl were used as a model ionic l