Flocculation

Performance of different pretreatment systems with ultrafiltration (UF) prior to reverse osmosis (RO) for desalting seawater was assessed in this paper. The pilot trial was operated on seawater from Bohai Bay in Tianjin using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber UF membrane. During these experim

In this work, a simple and cost-effective pretreatment upstream an UF membrane operation for the purification of the main olive mill effluent streams (OME) is examined. The raw wastewater was processed by a pH-temperature (T) flocculation process formerly studied at lab scale in previous work. In the p

Emergency water treatment approaches relying on coagulation vary from centralised modular and portable ‘‘kits’’ to ‘‘pointof-use’’ or ‘‘household’’ interventions. Typical coagulation practice in emergencies is reviewed in view of field constraints (e.g. equipment and resources) and contrasted with u

In this study, titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), titanium sulfate (Ti(SO4 )2 ) and ferric chloride (FeCl3) flocculation as a pretreatment to seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) were investigated. Their ability to remove turbidity, seawater organic matter (SWOM) and controlling the feed water quality of SW

This work deals with the feasibility of an olive vegetation wastewater purification process consisting of two consecutive steps: coagulation followed by membrane separation. The target of this work was to reach a purification grade of the wastewater compatible with the limits for the discharge into

To reuse pretreated water effluent of the El-Nile Company for the food industry in Egypt, NF and RO membrane separation techniques were investigated. Two sets of experiments were carried out by using laboratory separation unit with maximum pressure of 7 bars and pilot plant membrane separation unit

Cationic polyacrylamides of varying charge densities but similar molar mass were synthesized using free radical polymerization and Mannich reaction, characterized by different methods and applied as flocculants for palm oil mill effluents (POME). Flocculant performance was assessed by determining th

A reuse system for carwash water with a cellulose acetate (CA), hollow-fiber-type ultrafiltration membrane with the aid of flocculation and activated carbon treatments was proposed. The multi-blended flocculating agent containing bentonite, Al2(SO4)3, sodium alginic acid and a cationic polyacrylamid

One of the largest seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plants in the world commissioned at Addur, Kingdom of Bahrain survived the numerous obstacles that brought down the plant’s production capacity to its lowest level. The drastic production loss, ever increasing heavy chemical cleaning pr

Flocculation of yeast cells prior to microfiltration leads to improved permeate flux. A number of commercially available cationic polyacrylamides from Cytec Industries (Stamford, CT, USA) were tested. These flocculants had different molecular weights and charge densities. The optimum flocculant dose