Mass transfer

Article history: Received 8 July 2014 Received in revised form 23 December 2014 Accepted 24 December 2014 Available online 22 January 2015 For inland applications, batch-RO desalination has shown advantages in BW desalination over conventional continuous BWRO because of the high recovery ratio achie

The overall dialysis coefficient is a basic characteristic of a continuous dialyzer. Its determination is based on the measurement of concentrations and volumetric liquid flow rates of the streams entering and leaving the dialyzer; generally, all these parameters can be loaded with an experimental e

A new membrane fractionation process based on the combination of hybrid membrane cells and differential diffusion of two solutes was studied by numerical methods. The hybrid membrane cell comprises semipermeable and fully-permeable membrane sub-sections. While the semi-permeable membranes are permea

The release of CO2 in multiple-effect distillers has scarcely been investigated and little has been published about it. There is no approach available to reliably predict the release rates in individual stages and the effects of influencing parameters. Until now the dimensioning of the design ventin

Three types of electrodialysis (ED) and electrodeionization (EDI) stacks are studied when treating NaCl solutions in the range of concentrations from 10−5 to 3 × 10−2 M: (1) with a non-conducting network spacer, (2) with a mixed ion-exchange monolayer bed, (3) with profiled membranes. The Sherwood n

Pervaporation is a membrane technology utilizing a dense non-porous homogeneous polymeric film as a selective separation barrier. In recent years, pervaporation using dense membranes has emerged as a promising remediation method for trace organic removal from dilute aqueous solutions. The mathematic

Membrane fouling is customarily indicated and measured by permeate decline at constant operating conditions. Although this method has been widely used for many years, it is inadequate for characterizing fouling development in modern full-scale RO processes. It has been demonstrated that in some full

A theoretical investigation of particle deposition onto a permeable surface of a tubular membrane is presented. The mass transport mechanisms are mathematically expressed using the two-dimensional convective diffusion equation. A numerical scheme is presented to solve the two-dimensional convective

One of the major problems associated with membrane separation processes, which restricts the widespread application of this process in the industry is the decline in flux. This occurs due to the build up of the solute concentration near the membrane surface, which is defined as concentration polaris

Rates of Cu++ removal from waste solutions by cementation on a perforated reciprocating zinc disc were studied under different conditions of frequency and amplitude of oscillation. Disc pulsation was found to increase the rate of cementation by a factor ranging from 2.8 to 5.5 compared to cementatio