Membrane bioreactors

The study is aimed at defining possible correlations between sludge retention time (SRT), biomass growth, biomass activity and membrane cleaning requirements in a submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR). For the experimental campaign, a lab-scale MBR was continuously fed on pre-settled municipal wastewa

Hydrolysis of pectins extracted from sugar beet, black currant, and red currant were studied by Aspergillus niger polygalacturonase enzyme and strong product inhibition was found. A thermostated membrane bioreactor was applied for the reaction to avoid inhibition and vacuum was used in the permeate

After the advent of critical flux concept, studies on constant subcritical flux operation of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) gained interest, presumably, because of preferred least fouling operational strategy; however, such a chosen operational condition has demonstrated the continuous slow and irrever

Among the different classifications of membrane fouling, organic fouling is perhaps the most poorly understood, with relationships to (organic) colloidal fouling and biofouling. Problematical foulants have been identified as polysaccharides and proteins but these components occur in both abiotic mac

The major obstacle for membrane bioreactors (MBRs) to become a widely applicable technology is the membrane fouling. Despite the fact that the fouling is inevitable, understanding of the inherent mechanisms and subsequent integrated modeling of the process seems greatly helpful for optimization and

This paper describes the findings of an experimental investigation carried out on a pilot scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with the addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) to analyze improvements in effluent quality and in the filtration process. The results refer to a pilot plant monitoring stre

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are commonly understood as the combination of membrane filtration and biological treatment using activated sludge. Development of a biofilm-MBR has been investigated combining a moving-bed-biofilm reactor with a submerged membrane biomass separation reactor. Treatment eff

Membrane fouling is one of the main factors affecting the diffusion of membrane bioreactors to wastewater treatments. Fouling is generally held to persist above a so-called “critical flux”, below which a steady-state membrane permeability is assumed to be attainable. However, a number of recent stud

There are many water shortage problems currently in the world, some of which are more serious than others. All have different solutions. In several of them membrane technology can make a great contribution since membranes have the ability to produce water of exceptional purity that can be recycled f

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have been used increasingly for municipal wastewater treatment. The current wastewater treatment plants are designed to treat three times the average flow in dry weather (DWF) which covers the expected range of incoming flow rates. If throughput in MBRs can be changed rea