Nanofiltration

The physiochemical properties of reserve osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) polyamide (PA) membranes are largely determined by their PA chemistry and coatings, if any. Knowledge on such inherent relationship is critically needed in advancing membrane technology. This paper presents a consistent an

This work deals with the temperature effect on rejection of neutral and charged solutes by a nanofiltration membrane (Desal 5 DK of GE Osmonics). The experiments were conducted with a tangential Sepa CF cell with a flow velocity equal to 1.27 m/s. The pressure was varied form 5 to 15 bar and the tem

The occurrence of emerging or newly identified contaminants in our water resources is of continued concern for the health and safety of consuming public. The existing conventional water treatment plants were not designed for these unidentified contaminants. The endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs)

The treatment by nanofiltration of real solutions of industrial solid waste leachate using the charged Nanomax-50 membrane, largely used in industrial water treatment, was investigated. The retention of zinc, present in coercive quantities, was studied according to the experimental parameters. The r

Typically, crude palm oil contains 500–700 mg/kg of carotenoids and 800 mg/kg of tocopherols. The major carotenoids of palm oil are α- and β-carotenes, which constitute more than 80% of the total carotenoids in palm oil. Membrane technology is being examined as an alternative to conventional oils re

Physical, chemical and biological methods have been described to remove phenolic compounds. None of them are the definitively solution of the environmental problem caused by the discharge of this pollutants. Hybrid processes that combine pressure driven membrane processes with adsorption processes h

In nanofiltration it is important for predictive purposes to obtain retentions and/or reflection coefficients from known sizes of the pores and the molecules of uncharged solutes. This correlation is also needed in order to model the mass transport of salts or other charged species. To complete thes

Several membranes are here considered and studied in order to be applied to control of the sugar content of grape musts. This should allow decreasing somewhat the alcohol degree of wines that due to a warmer weather are being made from too mature grapes sometimes. This gives wines with a too high al

The characterization and application of cross-flow microfiltration (MF) process as a pre-treatment step and, partly in combination, with cross-flow ultra- (UF), and nanofiltration (NF) systems as final-treatment techniques for efficient treatment of oilfield produced water and different prepared mod

In vacuum salt production sulfate is an important impurity, but it is also used to remove other cationic impurities from the raw brine. Removal of excess sulfate is currently done by purging salt crystallizer mother liquor from the brine plant, or crystallizing sodium sulfate through evaporative or