Solar desalination

A detailed analysis of low power (100 kW) solar-driven Rankine cycles in the medium temperature range has been carried out. Toluene, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and hexamethyldisiloxane (MM) has been considered as working fluids of organic Rankine cycle (ORC). Direct solar vapor generation con

This paper presents a preliminary design for a solar thermal-powered reverse osmosis desalination system. The high pressure pump in the seawater reverse osmosis unit requires a 95-kW input, while the reject energy is recovered by way of pressure exchangers. The unit’s specific energy consumption is

Experience in combining solar thermal and seawater or brackish water reverse osmosis (RO) desalination technologies is very limited. Two SOFRETES systems were in operation in the early 1980s for brackish water desalination. Only such two implementations involving a single design can be cited, along

This paper deals with the application of parabolic trough solar collectors to a double cascade of organic Rankine cycles for reverse osmosis desalination. Two different solar collectors are operated either with thermal oil or with the organic fluid of the top cycle. The solar thermal system drives a

This paper presents a numerical analysis to investigate the effect of the vertical flat plate external reflector on the distillate productivity of the tilted wick solar still. We propose a geometrical method to calculate the solar radiation reflected by the external reflector and absorbed on the eva

An absorption heat pump coupled to a multi-effect distillation unit is able to recover part of the thermal energy rejected in the distillation process, thus increasing its performance ratio. At the beginning of the nineties, a pilot plant installed at the Plataforma Solar de Almería (CIEMAT, Spain)

An experimental investigation is presented of the thermal performance of an agricultural greenhouse (GH) with a built-in solar distillation system. A set of solar basins with saline water was placed on the greenhouse roof to reduce the GH cooling load and to produce the required fresh irrigating wat

Indoor experiments were performed for the vertical multiple-effect diffusion-type solar still that consists of a number of vertical partitions in contact with saline-soaked wicks with narrow air gaps between partitions, coupled with a heat-pipe solar collector, using heating lamps instead of actual

This paper presents a newly designed simple solar still: a vertical multiple-effect diffusion-type solar still consisting of a flat-plate mirror, a number of vertical parallel partitions in contact with saline-soaked wicks with narrow air gaps between partitions, and casters for azimuth tracking by

This paper describes a novel system of solar assisted heat pump desalination. A single effect desalination unit has been designed and fabricated, and it is connected to an existing solar assisted heat pump. The system consists of a compressor, condenser, evaporator, solar evaporator-collector, desal