Water treatment

The results of nanofiltration of natural waters have been described using the extended Nernst– Planck equation. The model of NF based on that DS-5-DK DS-5-DK 1) Gl. 1MPa 1) Gl. 2MPa 1) ww 2MPa 2) Gl. 1MPa 2) Gl. 2MPa 2) ww 2MPa / p lp / Xp [ m] 1) Gl. 1MPa 1) Gl. 2MPa 1) ww 2MPa 2) Gl. 1MPa 2) Gl. 2

Driving force membrane processes seem to be most useful for water treatment. Reverse osmosis, nanofiltration and ultrafiltration have been applied to phthalate removal from water. In the experiment three membranes RO-DS3SE were tested for reverse osmosis, membrane NF-DS5DK for nanofiltration and UF-

Studies were performed to determine the effect of the presence of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on ultrafiltration (UF) process performance. The influence of PAC addition to the feed on permeate flux in terms of flux decline and the possibilities of membrane cleaning during backwashing were invest

The separation performances of divalent ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) by electrodialysis (ED) were compared using a constant voltage mode of operation. For the batch tests, TS-1-10 ED equipment was employed. During the experimental studies, the effects of electrical potential applied and flow rate of streams

The paper presents the investigations concerning membrane treatment of water containing chloroform. Reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF) and ultrafiltration (UF) techniques were applied. Removal degrees of chloroform and flux drop during membrane filtration were determined. Basing on the result

An in-line coagulation (without settling)/UF process has been studied to improve membrane performance and water quality for surface water treatment. Using coagulation before UF increases permeate quality; the extent of dissolved organic matter removal is controlled by the coagulation step. Efficient

New mineral membranes made of sintered clay were performed and characterized in terms of porosity, hydraulic resistance, pore diameter and mechanical resistance. These membranes can be used as microfiltration membranes. The variations of the filtrate flux as a function of time are measured during cr

The paper presents the results of tests carried out on selected membranes, SEPA (Osmonics Inc., USA). The efficiency of membrane water softening was evaluated on the basis of permeate flux and the physicochemical analysis of raw water and permeate. The transport-separation properties of the membrane

Silica is one of the major foulants in desalination of brackish water. Its presence limits the water recovery and in addition once foulant is formed, the removal and cleaning is almost impossible. Therefore, the aim is to prevent silica fouling from the inception. One of the many complicating factor

Desalination plays an important role in producing pure water from brackish water. Reverse osmosis (RO) is by far the most efficient way to remove colloidal and dissolved silica, which can be found in high concentrations in brackish water. The presence of silica and its ability to foul membranes limi