Desalination

Desalination plants generate large volumes of hypersaline brine, likely affecting recipient communities. We aimed to assess whether proximity to a brine discharge point altered the abundance, assemblage structure and diversity of macrobenthic fauna. Collection of samples took place twice (May 2008 a

In the last decade osmotically driven membrane processes have attracted growing interest in wastewater treatment, desalination and power generation. A hybrid forward osmosis–nanofiltration (FO–NF) system designed for brackish water desalination was systematically investigated in this study. The hybri

The previously derived characteristic equation of RO in Li, 2010 [8] is used to describe single- or multi-stage ROs with/without an energy recovery device (ERD). Analysis is made at both the theoretical limit (with analytical solutions provided if possible) and practical conditions (using constraine

The aim of this study is to investigate the application of the ohmic heating during the evaporation process of the seawater for the purpose of reaching near zero liquid discharge (ZLD). Ohmic evaporator was designed and used to evaporate seawater at electrical field strengths 24, 56 and 87 V/cm using

The growing demand for drinkable water and its reliable supply have persuaded populations from many parts of the globe to construct desalination plants. The need for seawater means locating these plants in coastal areas and then naturally to dispose of their brine waste into the sea through outfalls

Scarcity and value of fresh water has increased use of desalination technologies and alternative water sources globally. This paper briefly discusses the areas that affect the costs and identifies the areas which are believed to have been mainly neglected so far and that require specific attention i

In many places world wide drinkable water is already a scarce good and its lack will rise dramatically in the future. Missing energy sources and no grid connections complicates the use of standard desalination techniques in these places. Fraunhofer ISE develops solar thermally driven compact desalin

Water provision for developing countries is a critical issue as a large number of lives are lost annually due to lack of access to safe drinking water. The presence and fate of inorganic trace contaminants is of particular concern. Trace inorganic contaminants have been found in elevated concentrati

Electrical conductivity of flexible strongly acidic resin loaded with Cr (III) was investigated with an impedance spectroscopy method. The purpose of the work was to estimate the influence of hydrostatic pressure drop on the conductivity of the ion-exchanger bed, which had been compacted previously.

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate a combined ozone and microfiltration (MF) membrane process as pre-treatment of a seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) system. During the filtration of seawater (SW) with the MF membranes, membrane fouling on both hydrophilic (PHI) and hydrophobic (PHO) MF mem