AFM

Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) hollow fiber membrane was prepared via both thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) and nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) methods. Atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to observe the outer surface morphology of the

HYFLON AD membranes are very interesting devices in water treatment and for their impermeability to water and gases and vapour transpirability [1]. In these kinds of processes, such in many large-scale processes, some membrane parameters are particularly important, among them: pore distribution, mem

AFM has been proved to be a rapid method of assessing membrane–solute interactions (fouling) of membranes under process conditions. The interactions of developmental membranes (SPEEK/PSU and PSU) with different solutes have been directly measured and linked to process performance. Correlation of the