Antiscalants

Antiscalants have been used to inhibit the formation of scales and reduce the risk of membrane scaling. However, issues such as the increased of biofouling tendency and contradictory observations of organic fouling propensity under the influence of antiscalants have been reported by other researchers

The effect of exposure reverse osmosis (RO) membrane to antiscalants (AS) on consequent organic fouling during seawater desalination was analyzed. Membrane surface properties (hydrophobicity and zeta potential) were altered upon the conditioning of the membrane with AS during the desalination proces

Crystallisation processes are well understood from the thermodynamic point of view. But all desalination processes, such as reverse osmosis, are kinetically limited, and thus the kinetics of the crystallisation is of particular interest. The kinetics of scale formation, especially together with impu

Seawater desalination facilities range from heavy coastal industry to small local plants, with the majority being either thermal multi-stage flash (MSF) or membrane-based reverse osmosis (RO) plants. Irrespective of the process, pretreatment chemicals are added to the intake water to improve plant p

Predicting scale formation in desalination plants is a matter of a number of calculations. The accuracy of these calculations is dependent on accurate data, and representative operating conditions. These calculations are normally carried out by using software, supplied either by the membrane manufac

This paper describes laboratory techniques for characterizing the permissible water recovery fraction in RO desalination, which is limited by the need to avoid scale deposition on the membrane. The CaSO4 scaling system was adopted for the development of these techniques. An upper water recovery boun

Saline water Conversion Corporation (SWCC), Research & Development Center (RDC) was encountered with a request to establish available safety margins of time and antiscalant dose rate. This request came to RDC from operating plants in order to set limits of available time and for clear identification