Characterization

The characteristic parameters of pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) membranes (water permeability, A, solute permeability, B, and the structural parameter of the membrane support layer, S) were estimated by a single PRO test combined with a statistical approach. The single PRO test measures water and r

An inorganic polymer, poly-silicic-ferric (PSF) coagulant was prepared by co-polymerization, and the hydrolysis products distribution of PSF was calculated from the pH changes during the hydrolysis process of PSF. The characterization of PSF and total phosphorus (TP) removal by PSF were studied in c

A number of resins have been synthesized by reacting 2,2’-dihydroxybiphenyl with urea and formaldehyde in presence of 2M HCl as catalyst, proved to be selective chelating ion-exchange resins for certain metals. Chelation ion-exchange properties of these terpolymer were studied for Fe3+, Cu2+, Ni2+,

Surface modification of clays has become increasingly important due to the practical applications of clays such as fillers and adsorbents. The surface modification of sepiolite with [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane has been employed. The modified sepiolite surface was investigated by FT

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes retention depends on charge repulsion and size exclusion, combining the properties of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis membranes. The molecular weight cut-off of two NF membranes was determined using cross-flow filtration of different molecular weights of non-ionized

The production of a biosurfactant by Pseudomonas fluorescens Migula 1895-DSMZ was studied. Cultures conditions involving variations in carbon and nitrogen sources and different C:N ratios were examined at constant temperature and pH, with the aim of increasing productivity in the process. Biosurfact

An exposure to sodium hypochlorite produces chain breaking in the PSf molecules, which leads to changes to the membrane texture on the microscopic scale, and which is closely related to changes in the membrane mechanical properties. It has been shown that the mechanism

Membranes are very effective in removing a wide variety of water contaminants. Therefore, the use of these processes in water purification to replace or to improve conventional treatment has increased. An inherent problem of membranes is fouling, the accumulation of materials (foulants) near, on, or

Management of hazardous wastes, such as arsenic, is one of major public concern. Arsenic is a naturally occurring metalloid, which is widely distributed in nature. Recently, arsenic in drinking water attracted attention because some of the drinking water resources contain considerable concentrations

The Horvath-Kawazoe (HK) model is widely used to characterize microporous carbons and zeolites. The use of the HK model in this application has been extensively studied and interaction parameters exist to relate gas adsorption isotherms to the microporosity of these materials. However, interaction p