Effluent

This paper describes a new water distillation method and apparatus. It is a low-cost system operating at low temperature and sub-atmospheric pressure that can produce water at different scales, for large cities or remote rural communities, thus suitable for the First World or the Third. The system m

The dairy industry is among the most polluting of the food industries in volume in regard to its large water consumption. The present work was related to investigations about practices of water management of 11 dairy plants. Treatment of the process water produced in the starting, equilibrating, sto

The AQUASOL-Enhanced Zero Discharge Seawater Desalination using Hybrid Solar Technology (EVK1CT2001-00102) project is one more attempt at using solar energy for water desalination, improving the economics and the environmental performance of a MED desalination plant. Within the project, an advanced

In dairy plants the process waters generated during the starting, equilibrating, interrupting and rinsing steps contribute to the production of effluents. They correspond to milk products (milk, whey, cream) diluted with water without chemicals. The treatment of these dairy process waters by nanofil

In the dairy industry non-accidental losses of milk or dairy products to sewer amount to 1–3% of the total milk processed. These significantly contribute to the 0.5–6.0 g COD/L of end-of-pipe waste-water. The major part of this polluting charge originates from starting, interrupting, and stopping da