Environmental impact assessment

• This is a first assessment in desalination application with a potential ecological indicator. • Ecological indicator studies of desalination project are reviewed. • Sustainability management of ecological indicators' major characteristics is important in risk and/or impact assessment. • This study

Desalination generates drinking water and enhances the economic, social, and environmental development of many areas with few water resources, such as parts of the Middle East, North Africa, and southern Europe (such as Spain and Cyprus). Desalination plants may cause environmental impacts in coasta

Since environmental impacts of desalination processes are intrinsically related to system efficiency, per water-unit produced loads have constantly decreased over the past decades. However, some significant fouls remain. The example of Spain is punctually used throughout this paper, to illustrate th

Jordan has recently given distinguished attention to its single and extremely limited sea outlet — Aqaba. An innovative governing system is being established. Aqaba has been declared as a Special Economic Zone Authority. The main objectives of the new authority are to develop Aqaba as a haven for co