Membrane cleaning

Membrane distillation (MD) has become an area of rapidly increasing research and development since the 1990s, providing a potentially cost effective thermally-driven desalination technology when paired with waste heat, solar thermal or geothermal heat sources. One principal challenge for MD is scali

• Reduction of distillate flux is primarily caused by precipitation of CaCO3 and CaSO4. • Changing of pH in hot bulk brine provides early indication of scaling formation. • Inline cartridge filtration improves DCMD operational time and water recovery. • Antiscalant prolongs DCMD operational time by mi

Fouling remains a significant challenge in the application of membrane distillation process to the desalination industry. This study was focused on the characterizations of fouling layer on the membrane of a membrane distillation process fed with real seawater reverse osmosis concentrate. The deposit

A pilot plant scale hollow fiber membrane system was developed for the removal of dissolved oxygen from boiler feed water via vacuum degassing process. Feed water was introduced to the shell side; a vacuum was applied to the lumen side of the hollow fiber. The effects of water flow rate, vacuum leve

Based on the reversible volume phase transition of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) around LCST, a simple temperature-change cleaning method for PNIPAAm grafted porous polyethylene membrane fouled by bovine serum albumin (BSA) was proposed. It was found that after the temperature-change cleanin

M odified and unmodified membrane samples w ere taken from different pilot-scale membrane plants after a sufficient operation period. One of t he plants is installed at a municipal drinking water t reatment plant, the second, a MBR, is located at a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The membrane

A novel stainless steel membrane module with a 0.2 µm nominal pore diameter was applied in an aerated submerged membrane bioreactor to treat synthetic domestic sewage. The pore size of metal membrane was more homogeneous and of tighter distribution than that of organic membrane. The steady membrane

A study of cleaning a Bulgarian UF 60 PAN spiral-wound module was carried out on an ultrafiltration unit (Millipore, USA). Chemical cleaning of the membrane with a 0.25% solution of sodium metabisulfite did not prevent biological fouling. When treated with a 1% solution of formaldehyde, membrane fou

An ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR) technique was used for the non-invasive, in situ visualization of particle deposition and its removal during crossflow microfiltration with a nylon membrane. The study was carried out with 0.5 g/l kaolin (average particle size 2 µm). Ultrasonic response

Desalination plays an important role in producing pure water from brackish water. Reverse osmosis (RO) is by far the most efficient way to remove colloidal and dissolved silica, which can be found in high concentrations in brackish water. The presence of silica and its ability to foul membranes limi