NOM

Experimental measurements were conducted to determine the level of natural organic matter (NOM) and its disinfection by-products formation potential (DBPFP) for Tigris River water in Baghdad. The results showed that raw water total organic carbon (TOC) levels have a potential to produce concentratio

Coagulation experiments at pH values ranging from 3 to 7 were conducted on raw water samples from four Australian reservoirs—Hope Valley, Myponga, Moorabool and Mt Zero—to assess the removal of natural organic matter (NOM) with alum. The aim was to characterise the NOM in these water sources that is

Adsorption-membrane hybrid systems present an interesting alternative for the treatment of contaminated waters. This study aims to understand the role of NOM on membrane performance and on removal of pharmaceuticals during the combined application of powdered activated carbon and submerged membranes

An extended DLVO (XDLVO) force analysis was introduced to predict natural organic matter (NOM) fouling in ultrafiltration (UF) membrane processes. Ultrafiltration membrane fouling experiments were performed using two NOM extracts from real waters and two commercial polymeric UF membranes. The hydrod

Three different ion exchange resins were evaluated for their ability to remove dissolved organic matter (DOM) and reduce formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formed during chlorination of surface waters sampled from the Intercoastal Waterway, Myrtle Beach, SC, USA (MB water), and the Tomhanno

Surface waters used for drinking purposes can vary markedly in their organic and inorganic content. High levels of variation occur in a range of water quality parameters such as turbidity, alkalinity, colour, natural organic matter, algae and micro-organisms. The removal of organic matter using inor

The development of membrane technology has reached a state whereby operational optimisation is becoming the major issue to both researchers and industrial operators. A key focus is towards sustainable operation where fouling is limited and cleaning is greatly reduced. The paper presents an example o

Studies concerning the removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from surface and tap water by nanofiltration are presented. The separation and transport characteristics of nanofiltration membranes were determined. The degree of NOM coefficient and water hardness removal from surface water and a reduc

Integrated membrane systems (IMS) were pilot tested for treatment of a high TOC river water. Pretreatment methods included microfiltration, in-line coagulation–microfiltration, and coagulation–sedimentation–filtration. Fouling was minimized at lower flux, lower recovery and with the addition of a bi