Pressure retarded osmosis

• A facility-scale simulation model for the power production of non-ideal river-tosea PRO was developed. • The model was linked to an optimization package to determine the system variables that produce a maximum net power for the facility. • Energy requirements of the components external to the PRO

Exergetic analysis of a 2250 gpm brackish water desalination plant in California was performed using its operational data. The plant contains nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and electrodialysis reversal units subject to the same source water. The correct definition of exergetic efficiency for such syst

In this paper, a seawater reverse osmosis desalination plant with various energy recovery systems is studied using exergy analysis. These energy recovery devices include turbines and pressure exchangers as well as infinite area based single and two-stage pressure retarded osmosis units. The appropria

This work presents a systematic evaluation of the membrane and process characteristics of a scaled-up pressure retarded osmosis (PRO). In order to meet pre-defined membrane economic viability (≥5 W/m2), different operating conditions and design parameters are studied with respect to the increase of t

The current study highlights the advancement in Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) process and covers most recent development in the process applications. The first application of PRO process goes back to 1973 by Sidney Loeb who suggested using the concept of osmotic energy for power generation. In prin

In this study, a methodology is developed to assess the feasibility of a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination system powered by a stand-alone salinity driven pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) technology. First, the proposed hybrid RO–PRO system is analysed as a thermodynamic cycle and its feasibility is

Forward osmosis is a rapidly emerging technology that has potential to enable low cost water treatment and desalination. Previous investigations have found that reverse osmosis (RO) membranes were unsuitable for forward osmosis in part due to their hydrophobic support layers, which inhibit wetting.

The present study evaluated the performance of pressure retarded osmosis–reverse osmosis (PRO–RO) process for power generation and seawater desalination. Two pre-developed software were used separately to estimate the performance of forward osmosis (FO) and RO process. The draw and feed solutions in

Hypersaline solution with high TDS is not suitable for direct treatment by the conventional membrane and thermal processes. The current study proposes a dual-stage FO/PRO process for hypersaline solution treatment and power generation. The treatment process reduces the concentration of saline wastew

New membranes for forward osmosis (FO) have been made by numerous academic groups around the world. Few of these designs, however, have made it to full-scale production. For two decades, the only FO membrane made on a full-scale production line was a cellulose acetate membrane from Hydration Technol