Reclamation

Electrodialysis (ED) is one of a number of attractive options in the desalination of secondary effluent, but membrane fouling is still an issue that needs to be resolved. This study investigated potential foulants and the fouling control of ED during desalination. Cation and anion exchange membranes

Water scarcity is becoming a serious problem in the Mediterranean countries. To minimize negative effects, wastewater reclamation can be one of the possible solutions. Reverse osmosis (RO) is the process that ensures the highest water quality. Thus, the required quality goal can be reached adjusting

One of the most crucial and difficult elements of the bioprocess is its ability to separate between the biosolids and the liquid effluent phase. The objectives of this study were to evaluate practical possibilities to upgrade existing wastewater treatment facilities by operating aerobic treatment ba