Spiral-wound module

This study proposes an optimal study of reverse osmosis (RO) seawater desalination system based on the split partial second pass (SPSP) design in order to fully utilize better quality and higher flux for the permeate at the front of the pressure vessel (PV). Differential equations in the membrane tra

Reverse osmosis (RO) is increasingly used as a separation technique in chemical and environmental engineering for the removal of organics and organic pollutants present in waste water. Treatment of organics by RO is dependent on many factors and hence developing a viable RO system involves extensive

Bench-scale dissolved air flotation (DAF) of Tagus River surface water (Valadas, Portugal) was investigated as pre-treatment for spiral-wound module nanofiltration (SWNF). Before the DAF, a coagulation/flocculation of the surface water was performed using aluminium sulphate, ferric chloride and chit

A model for a spiral-wound reverse osmosis system using the three-parameter membrane transport model by Spiegler–Kedem is presented. The pressure drops in the permeate channel, feed channel and also the variation of the mass transfer coefficient along the feed channel were taken into account. An ana

An existing model for the simulation of solvent flux, transmembrane pressure and velocity in spiral-wound modules has been combined with results on the critical flux of spacer filled channels to simulate the colloidal fouling of an RO spiral-wound module leaf. A number of situations were examined wh

The laminar flow structure and concentration distribution in a narrow rectangular channel simulating the feed channel of nanofiltration (NF) spiral-wound modules are investigated. The continuity, Navier–Stokes equations and the solute continuity equation are solved by the control volume formulation.