Thermodynamic

This paper describes the interaction and removal of some heavy metal ions such as Ni(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution at constant pH (6.0) and 0.01 M NaClO4 ionic strength using raw clay mineral. The experimental results were analysed in terms of Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich–Peterson isother

The ion exchange equilibrium between an ion exchange membrane and solutions of different electrolytes was studied. The matrix of the ion exchange membrane used consists of a vinyl polychloride network reinforced by a polyester screen; with quaternary and tertiary ammonium as functional groups. The d

Membrane fouling is customarily indicated and measured by permeate decline at constant operating conditions. Although this method has been widely used for many years, it is inadequate for characterizing fouling development in modern full-scale RO processes. It has been demonstrated that in some full

Experimental data on desorption isotherms of three types of clay at different temperatures (40, 50 and 60°C) were determined using a static method. The results were fitted by the famous Guggenheim-Anderson-deBoer (GAB) model. The thermodynamic functions, differential heat of sorption, net integral e