Water desalination

Membrane scaling during water desalination by membrane distillation has been studied. A tap water was applied as a feed and diluted HCl solutions were used for periodical cleaning of module. The membrane morphology and the composition of deposits were determined using scanning electron microscopy co

This study presents the retrofit of water supply chain problem through multi period mixed integer linear program (MILP) model. The major strategic decisions include the determination of optimal new facility locations and capacity expansions of water desalination supply chain infrastructure assets whi

Gulf countries experienced rapid growth in the last four decades from oil production and its price increase. Natural water resources are very limited to meet this growth, and as result, desalted seawater in Kuwait became the main source of potable water, about 93% in 2002. The electric power and des

This paper proposes an alternative configuration to conventional reverse osmosis (RO) desalination systems by incorporating the use of gravitational potential energy. The proposal suggests a model that can be viewed as the energy station of a RO desalination plant. Conventionally, RO plants use a hi

This is Part 2 of the paper “Performance analysis of combined humidified gas turbine power generation and multieffect thermal vapor compression desalination systems — Part 1: The desalination unit and its combination with a steam-injected gas turbine power system”. A combined power and water system

Donnan dialysis with an anion-exchange membrane is proposed as a pretreatment step in a water desalination system. The process replaces anions that cause the precipitation of sediments with neutral chloride anions. Water after Donnan dialysis mainly contains soluble chloride salts that should cause

As the preparation of interpolyme- type anion-exchange membranes involves several steps and the use of hazardous chemicals such as chloromethyl ether and trimethyl amine, it was envisaged to prepare heterogeneous anion-exchange membranes through a simple technique involving casting of a solution con

This work presents a computer program developed for sizing and simulating a solar-powered desalination station using the SMCEC principle. This is motivated by the absence of such software in this area. The computer package includes mathematical models for different compartments of the desalination u

Water desalination has been supported since 1983 by the Spanish Government to obtain a price of drinking water similar to the average price of water used by households in all of Spain. The support was calculated according to many factors such as the cost of water production (i m!3), energy consumpti

An optimization of the electrodialysis process and an estimation of its costs by the analysis of experimental results of model natrium chloride solutions was compared to the optimization and cost estimation made by using the convective-diffusion hydrodynamic model. A NaCl 0.02 M solution was desalin